PageRank | Panda | Penguin
A search engine algorithm assigns a numerical weight to various elements of a web page. The major search engines update their algorithm from time to time. Initially Back-Links and Keywords dominated the algorithm. More recently User Experience has began to play a much larger role and there has been a greater effort to penalize sites for webspam. The exact elements and their weight in the algorithm is a highly kept secret but some of the main factors are: